After you have claimed the damaged ship all you have to do is go back to your good ship, then you fly back into space - summon Space Anomaly. Once inside you load your newly acquire ship, and Taa-daa - it is repaired enough that you can fly in it. I head straight to Space Station after scrapping all techs then completely sell it for profit. Sell regular scraps and part for regular credits, and sell tech modules for nanites. Easy profit in early part of game when you need credit and nanite.
I personally try to accumulate around 30 million credits to buy an S-Class Exotic ship.
